VYAYAMA
The activities of the body which are liked, pleasant to the mind and done for obtaining stability and increase of strength are known as exercises of the body and it should be done in proper measure.
- Benefits of exercises (Vyayama)
- Enhancement of Digestive Fire (Agni) :
- Regular exercise stimulates Agni, which is essential for proper digestion.
- A strong digestive fire leads to better assimilation of nutrients and efficient elimination of waste, contributing to overall health.
- Exercise helps maintain the equilibrium of the three doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. Charaka emphasizes that specific forms of exercise can pacify excess doshas, particularly Kapha, which can accumulate due to sedentary lifestyles.
- Strengthening of Muscles and Tissues:
- Vyayama enhances muscle tone and strength, promoting the development of dhatus (body tissues).
- Regular physical activity ensures that the body remains strong and resilient against diseases.
- Promotion of Mental Clarity and Emotional Well-being:
- Exercise is beneficial for mental health.
- It helps alleviate stress, anxiety, and depression by releasing endorphins and fostering a sense of well-being.
- Charaka mentions that physical activity can improve cognitive function and emotional stability.
- Improvement of Circulation:
- Engaging in regular Vyayama improves blood circulation, ensuring that nutrients and oxygen are efficiently transported to different organs.
- This enhanced circulation supports optimal functioning of all body systems.
- Exercise aids in the elimination of ama (toxins) from the body.
- Through sweating and increased metabolic activity, the body can effectively detoxify, leading to better health outcomes.
- Boosting Immunity:
- Regular physical activity strengthens the immune system, making the body more resilient to infections and diseases.
- Charaka highlights that a balanced lifestyle, including exercise, fosters a strong defense against ailments.
- Incorporating exercises into one’s routine contributes to longevity.
- By maintaining physical health, emotional balance, and mental clarity, individuals can enhance their quality and duration of life.
- Engaging in regular exercise helps regulate sleep patterns.
- A well-exercised body tends to have better sleep quality, which is crucial for overall health and recovery.
- Increase in Energy and Vitality:
- Regular physical activity boosts energy levels and vitality.
- It enhances endurance, allowing individuals to engage more fully in their daily activities and pursuits.
- Contra- indications for exercises
- Individuals with Illness or Weakness :
- People suffering from acute illnesses, fevers, or infections should avoid strenuous exercises as their bodies need rest and recovery.
- Those with chronic conditions like tuberculosis or severe respiratory issues should refrain from vigorous physical activity.
- While moderate exercise can be beneficial during pregnancy, certain strenuous activities and exercises that stress the body should be avoided to protect both the mother and the developing fetus.
- Individuals recovering from surgery should avoid exercise until they are fully healed and cleared by their healthcare provider, as physical activity can hinder the recovery process.
- People with Digestive Disorders :
- Those experiencing conditions like dyspepsia, gastritis, or diarrhea may find that exercise exacerbates their symptoms and should therefore exercise caution.
- Elderly Individuals :
- Older adults should avoid high-intensity workouts and focus on low-impact exercises, as their bodies may not handle strenuous activities well.
- Mental and Emotional Conditions :
- Individuals experiencing severe stress, anger, grief, anxiety, or mental health disorders might need to limit vigorous exercise until their mental state stabilizes.
- Children :
- Young children may not have the stamina for intense exercise.
- Their bodies are still developing, and therefore, while they can engage in play and light activities, strenuous workouts should be avoided to prevent injury and fatigue.
- Debilitated Persons :
- Individuals who are weakened due to excessive copulation, heavy lifting, or prolonged walking should avoid vigorous exercise.
- Their bodies need time to recuperate and restore energy.
- Those Exposed to Adverse Conditions :
- People exposed to heavy winds or extreme weather conditions, lifting heavy weights, post-copulation, long distance walking should refrain from strenuous activities, as they can lead to more fatigue or illness.
- Hungry and Thirsty Individuals :
- Exercising while hungry or thirsty can lead to dizziness, weakness, and other adverse effects.
- It is essential to maintain proper hydration and nutrition before engaging in physical activities.
- Factors that should be considered for performing exercises
- Assessment of Strength:
- Ayurveda encourages assessing one’s physical strength before determining the type and intensity of exercise. Individuals with greater stamina can engage in more rigorous activities, while those with less strength should opt for gentler exercises. This personalized approach helps prevent injuries and ensures that the body can handle the physical demands.
- Dosha Consideration:
- Each person’s dominant dosha influences their exercise needs. For example, a person with a predominant Vata dosha may benefit from grounding and calming activities like yoga and walking, while a Kapha individual may require more vigorous exercise to stimulate energy levels.
- Role of seasons and exercises :
- Winter : In colder months, good amount of  exercises are recommended .
- Each season has its own energetic qualities that affect physical activity levels.
- Kapha season (late winter to spring) can lead to lethargy, and hence, more vigorous exercises can help counteract this tendency.
- Summer : The hot season may warrant lighter forms of exercise, such as swimming or walking in the early morning or late evening when temperatures are cooler.
- Monsoon : Due to increased humidity and the potential for illness, moderate exercise is advisable.
- Outdoor activities should be limited to avoid exposure to heavy rain and cold winds.
Summarization
- Vyayama (exercise) is considered a fundamental practice for maintaining health and wellness.
- It is emphasized for its role in balancing the doshas, improving digestion, enhancing physical strength, and promoting mental well-being.
- The type and intensity of exercise should be tailored to an individual’s unique constitution (Prakriti) and current health status.
- Individualization :Â Exercises should be customized based on one’s physical strength, age, and doshic balance, with consideration for seasonal changes affecting physical activity.
- Moderation : While exercise is vital, moderation is crucial to prevent strain and fatigue, particularly for those who are debilitated or recovering from illness.
- Benefits : Regular Vyayama supports not just physical health, but also enhances mental clarity, emotional stability, and overall vitality.